The d_i⁺, d_i^- variables are referred to as A)objective variables. B)goal variables. C)target variables. D)deviational variables.

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These variables are referred to as Deviational Variables, which are used in Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) to measure the efficiency and productivity of decision-making units (DMUs). These variables measure the deviation of actual inputs and outputs of DMUs from an efficient frontier, where efficiency is defined as the ratio of weighted output to weighted input. Therefore, these variables measure how much improvement is required by DMUs to reach an efficient frontier.

The Di+, Di- Variables Are Referred to as

The D_i⁺, D_i^- Variables Are Referred to as