Brown insects living in a dark background survived in a ratio of 90/120,while the same insects in a lighter background survived in a ratio of 30/120.The ratio of relative fitness of the insects in dark backgrounds to lighter backgrounds is given as

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The relative fitness of the insects in dark backgrounds is 90/120 = 0.75, and in lighter backgrounds, it is 30/120 = 0.25. The ratio of these fitness values is 0.75/0.25 = 3/1, which simplifies to 1 : 0.333.

Brown Insects Living in a Dark Background Survived in a Ratio