The Evolution of Pollen Has Enabled Seed Plants to Thrive

The evolution of pollen has enabled seed plants to thrive on Earth because it

A) has eliminated the need for a male gametophyte, allowing sporophytes to grow taller.
B) maintains the genetic material of a plant, in some cases even over thousands of years.
C) has eliminated the need for liquid water in the fertilization process, allowing plants to colonize drier areas.
D) has provided a source of food for foraging insects.
E) has eliminated the need for a female gametophyte, allowing embryos to obtain nutrients directly from the sporophyte.