In human gene therapy, genes are transferred by

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In human gene therapy, genes are typically transferred using viral vectors or lipid clusters. Viral vectors can be modified to carry desired genes and then injected into the patient's body, where they can enter cells and deliver the new genetic material. Lipid clusters, also known as liposomes, can similarly encase and transport genetic material. Bacterial cells and plasmids are not typically used in human gene therapy, as they may carry potential risks and can trigger an immune response. While hypodermic injection can be used to administer gene therapy, it is not the method by which genes are transferred. Tissue transplantation involves replacing damaged or diseased tissue, and is not a direct method of gene transfer.

In Human Gene Therapy, Genes Are Transferred by