The Outlet Substitution Bias Is Most Likely to Put_{-------------}and So_{-------------}the

The outlet substitution bias is most likely to put_{-------------}and so_{-------------}the inflation rate.

A) a downward bias into the CPI; understate
B) a downward bias into the CPI; overstate
C) an upward bias into the CPI; understate
D) no bias into the CPI because it is such a small effect; have no effect on
E) an upward bias into the CPI; overstate