The two basic reasons for variance are

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Variance arises due to two main reasons - measurement inaccuracy and true differences between measurements. Measurement inaccuracy is due to limitations of measuring instruments and human error, while true differences may arise due to variations in the sample or population being measured. Estimation of error is a related concept, but it is not the only reason for variance. Robustness and power are related to the ability of statistical methods to handle outliers and detect differences, respectively, but they do not explain the causes of variance. Simple statistics and poor understanding of assumptions may lead to unreliable results, but they are not the underlying reasons for variance.

The Two Basic Reasons for Variance Are