In industries in which strong network effects exist, which industry structure is likely to emerge?

Question

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In industries where strong network effects exist, such as social media, telecommunications, and online marketplaces, an oligopoly is likely to emerge. This is because network effects create a barrier to entry, making it difficult for new firms to enter the market and compete with established players. As a result, a small number of firms with strong network effects will dominate the market, leading to an oligopolistic industry structure.

In Industries in Which Strong Network Effects Exist, Which Industry