Question 1

Which of the following is NOT an advantage of behavior therapy?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is most effective when the problem is specific and well-defined, as it focuses on changing specific behaviors rather than addressing vague or ill-defined issues.

Question 2

Abby is participating in cognitive-behavioral therapy to treat her depression. Her therapist

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy involves identifying and challenging negative thoughts and beliefs, and the therapist will help the patient test these thoughts through experiments and gathering evidence. Therefore, option A is the best choice as it accurately reflects the approach taken in cognitive-behavioral therapy.

Question 3

The basic assumption of cognitive-behavior therapy is

Accepted Answer

The answer of The basic assumption of cognitive-behavior therapy is
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Question 4

For which client is behavior therapy most likely to be effective?

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is most effective when dealing with specific, behavior-based issues such as premature ejaculation, as opposed to more complex psychological issues like personality disorders or existential concerns.

Question 5

A Nobel Prize winning treatment for schizophrenia was

Accepted Answer

Prefrontal lobotomies, although now considered inhumane and largely discredited, were once awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine in 1949. This surgical procedure was believed to treat various mental disorders, including schizophrenia, by severing connections in the brain's prefrontal cortex.

Question 6

Yuko is painfully shy. Her therapist first shows her appropriate social skills so she can interact competently with others. Then Yuko attempts the same behavior while getting feedback. This illustrates the behavior therapy technique called

Accepted Answer

The technique described in the scenario is modeling, where the therapist demonstrates appropriate social skills and then has Yuko attempt the same behavior while getting feedback. Guided exposure involves gradual exposure to anxiety-provoking stimuli, covert sensitization is a form of aversion therapy, and contingency management involves manipulating rewards and punishments to change behavior.

Question 7

Chrissy and her therapist together wrote a list of ten scenes involving Chrissy's fear of flying. After teaching her a relaxation technique, Chrissy's therapist told her to imagine herself in the least frightening scene while she made herself feel relaxed. Chrissy was undergoing

Accepted Answer

The technique described is systematic desensitization, which involves pairing relaxation techniques with the gradual exposure to feared stimuli or situations. The therapist and Chrissy created a hierarchy of ten scenes (the exposure hierarchy), starting with the least feared and gradually moving up to the most feared. By visualizing herself in the least frightening scene while feeling relaxed, Chrissy is working her way up the hierarchy and desensitizing herself to her fear of flying.

Question 8

Which of the following is a form of behavior therapy that is commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders?

Accepted Answer

Systematic desensitization is a form of behavior therapy commonly used in the treatment of anxiety disorders. It involves gradually exposing the individual to the feared object or situation while teaching relaxation techniques to reduce anxiety responses.

Question 9

Dennis has disorganized type of schizophrenia. He has lived in an institution for years. He rarely shows any attempt at socializing. A new program is started - every time Dennis speaks to another person he is given a piece of red paper. At the end of each week, he can use the red papers to get cigarettes or extra privileges. This new program is

Accepted Answer

This new program is a token economy, which is a behavior modification technique that rewards desired behavior with tokens that can be exchanged for rewards. In this case, Dennis is being rewarded with red papers for speaking to other people, and he can exchange those papers for cigarettes or privileges. This is a way to encourage more socialization and interaction from him.

Question 10

While can be used in treatment, it also a means by which problematic behaviors are acquired when others' behavior is problematic.

Accepted Answer

Modeling refers to the acquisition of new behaviors through observation and imitation of others. This can be beneficial in treatment when individuals observe and imitate positive behaviors. However, it can also lead to the acquisition of problematic behaviors when individuals observe and imitate negative or maladaptive behaviors exhibited by others. Imaginal exposure, systematic desensitization, and contingency management do not directly involve the observation and imitation of others' behavior.

Question 11

The use of drugs that have noxious effects and viewing movies that elicit disgust are both techniques associated with

Accepted Answer

The use of drugs with noxious effects and viewing movies that elicit disgust are both part of aversion therapy, which is a form of behavioral therapy that aims to eliminate undesired behaviors by pairing them with unpleasant stimuli. Token economies involve using a system of rewards to reinforce desired behaviors. Guided exposure therapy involves gradually exposing patients to feared or anxiety-provoking stimuli to reduce their fear or anxiety. EMDR therapy is a form of therapy that uses eye movements to help process traumatic experiences.

Question 12

Behavior therapy is based on the belief that

Accepted Answer

Behavior therapy is based on the principles of classical and operant conditioning, which suggest that behaviors are learned through experience and can be changed through learning new behaviors or unlearning old ones. This approach emphasizes the importance of environmental factors and focuses on changing observable behaviors rather than exploring inner thoughts and feelings.

Question 13

Cognitive-behavioral therapy

Accepted Answer

Cognitive-behavioral therapy assumes that thinking influences emotion, motivation, and behavior. It does not deny the importance of reinforcement and punishment, but it also focuses on changing the underlying thoughts and beliefs that contribute to certain behaviors. The therapist is typically an active collaborator in helping the client identify and change problematic thinking patterns.

Question 14

Today, neurosurgery

Accepted Answer

Neurosurgery today is used as a last resort and involves precise targeting of tiny brain areas, unlike the more invasive procedures of the past.

Question 15

Dr. Lucas says to a client with anxiety disorders, "It is your unrealistic beliefs and perfectionistic values that cause you to be so anxious, not the events of your life." Dr. Lucas probably supports the assumptions of therapy.

Accepted Answer

The statement made by Dr. Lucas suggests that he is using rational emotive behavior therapy (REBT). This type of therapy emphasizes the importance of identifying and challenging irrational beliefs that contribute to emotional distress. By suggesting that the client's unrealistic beliefs and perfectionistic values are the root of their anxiety, Dr. Lucas is encouraging the client to examine and modify their thinking patterns.

Question 16

In the mid-1900s, prefrontal lobotomies were popular as a treatment because

Accepted Answer

During the mid-1900s, there were limited effective treatments for mental illnesses, which contributed to the popularity of prefrontal lobotomies despite their controversial nature and mixed results.

Question 17

Lawrence, a hypochondriac, gains a great deal of attention from his family when he complains about health problems; they tend to ignore him when he talks about other topics. A behavior therapist has instructed the family to reverse these responses: ignore the complaints and reinforce other topics. What kind of treatment does this best illustrate?

Accepted Answer

This treatment is an example of contingency management, where the family's behavior is being modified by manipulating the consequences (reinforcement or punishment) of Lawrence's behavior. The goal is to reinforce desired behavior (talking about other topics) while ignoring undesired behavior (complaining about health problems).

Question 18

Punishment is a component of

Accepted Answer

Punishment is a key element of aversion therapy, which involves the pairing of an undesirable behavior or response with an unpleasant stimulus to discourage the behavior or response from occurring in the future. Punishment is not typically used in EMDR therapy, modeling, or systematic desensitization.

Question 19

The text reported the case of a 6-year-old boy who hated school and showed off in class. His parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior while reinforcing appropriate behavior. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

The use of reinforcement to reinforce appropriate behavior is an example of systematic use of reinforcement. The parents and teacher were instructed to ignore the showing-off behavior, which is a common technique in behavior modification. Aversion therapy and systematic desensitization are not relevant to this scenario, and modeling is not mentioned as a technique used.

Question 20

Dr. Hart says, "For me, the goal of treatment is not to uncover inner conflicts, but to help the client achieve adaptive responses that he or she can control and maintain through self-monitoring." Dr. Hart probably considers herself a therapist.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Hart's emphasis on achieving adaptive responses and self-monitoring aligns with a behavioral approach to therapy, rather than a psychodynamic, humanistic, or family systems approach.

Quiz 16: Therapy