Molecular second- line defenses include cytokines, iron- binding proteins, and complement proteins.

Question

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Molecular second-line defenses are part of the innate immune system and include cytokines, which are signaling proteins that mediate and regulate immunity, inflammation, and hematopoiesis; iron-binding proteins, which limit the availability of iron to pathogens, thus inhibiting their growth; and complement proteins, which are part of the complement system that enhances the ability of antibodies and phagocytic cells to clear pathogens from an organism.

Molecular Second- Line Defenses Include Cytokines, Iron- Binding Proteins, and Complement