The confounding effects referred to collectively as "maturation" include all of the following plausible rival hypotheses EXCEPT A) aging. B) instruction. C) fatigue. D) boredom.

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Maturation effects in research refer to changes that occur naturally within participants over time, such as aging, fatigue, and boredom. These changes can affect the outcomes of a study independently of the experimental intervention. Instruction, however, is not considered a maturation effect but rather an aspect of the experimental manipulation or intervention itself.

The Confounding Effects Referred to Collectively as "Maturation" Include All