A type of learning in which a new stimulus is repeatedly presented with a familiar stimulus until an individual learns to respond to the new stimulus in the same way as the familiar stimulus is:

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Classical conditioning involves learning to associate a new stimulus with a familiar one, such that the response to the familiar stimulus is eventually elicited by the new stimulus alone. This was famously demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov through his experiments with dogs, where a neutral stimulus (a bell) was paired with an unconditioned stimulus (food) until the neutral stimulus alone could elicit a conditioned response (salivation).

A Type of Learning in Which a New Stimulus Is