The people of Ethiopia have been plagued by drought, famine, war, and disease. These phenomena have curbed population growth in Ethiopia, so, according to Malthus, they serve as:

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According to Thomas Malthus, phenomena that directly reduce the population through increased mortality, such as famine, war, and disease, are referred to as "Positive Checks." These are events that actively decrease the population size by causing deaths.

The People of Ethiopia Have Been Plagued by Drought, Famine