In Order to Establish a Modern National Identity, Both Indian

In order to establish a modern national identity, both Indian and Latin American intellectuals turned to which of the following?

A) They turned to universalizing religion to create a common bond.
B) They rewrote the histories of ancient empires and kingdoms to create a cultural basis for national identity.
C) They created a new literary tradition in indigenous languages.
D) They disavowed all western education and returned to traditional forms of knowledge.