What Sanderson and Alderson call the scarcity theory of stratification views surplus economic production as a consequence of an initial condition of stratification rather than as a fundamental cause of stratification.

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The scarcity theory of stratification suggests that stratification arises from the unequal distribution of resources, and surplus production is seen as a result of this initial inequality, not the root cause.

What Sanderson and Alderson Call the Scarcity Theory of Stratification