In the nineteenth and twentieth centuries most of the societies that form part of today's advanced industrial world underwent the so-called demographic transition. This was a process in which:

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The demographic transition model describes a process where mortality rates decline first due to improvements in healthcare and living conditions, followed by a decrease in birth rates as societies adapt to the lower mortality rates, leading to smaller family sizes and lower population growth rates.

In the Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries Most of the Societies