Frank Parkin Sees the Major Division Within State Socialism as That

Frank Parkin sees the major division within state socialism as that between the intelligentsia and the rest of society. Others argue that the real cleavage in such societies was:

A) the same as that in the capitalist societies i.e., the division between workers and capitalists)
B) that between ethnic groups i.e., between Russians at the top and the various non-Russian ethnic groups at the bottom)
C) that between a small proportion of the intelligentsia i.e., the nomenklatura) and everyone else
D) the same as that in agrarian societies i.e., the cleavage between landlords and peasants)