When a participant's expectation about what effect an experimental manipulation is supposed to have influences the dependent measure independently of the actual effect of the manipulation, the change in the dependent measure is called
A) a placebo effect.
B) an experimenter bias.
C) a confound.
D) a demand characteristic.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The placebo effect occurs when participants experience changes in the dependent measure due to their expectations about the treatment, rather than the treatment itself.

When a Participant's Expectation About What Effect an Experimental Manipulation