Which of the following three characteristics are used in experiments to make inferences about the causal relationship between the independent and the dependent variable?
A) Association, causal priority, and temporal stability
B) Association, temporal priority, and control of common-causal variables
C) Temporal priority, causal correlation, and control of common-causal variables
D) Causal correlation, control of common-causal variables, and experimental rigor

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

B) Association, temporal priority, and control of common-causal variables are essential characteristics used in experiments to infer causal relationships. Association means there is a relationship between variables; temporal priority ensures the cause precedes the effect; and controlling for common-causal variables helps isolate the relationship between the independent and dependent variables, reducing confounding factors.

Which of the Following Three Characteristics Are Used in Experiments