Question 1

Over the 24-hour period, the rate of muscle glycogen recovery is______ percent per hour.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Over the 24-hour period, the rate of...

Question 2

Following a meal high in simple carbohydrate which of the following is most likely to occur in the next 1-2 hours?

Accepted Answer

Eating a meal high in simple carbohydrates typically leads to a rapid increase in blood glucose levels (hyperglycemia). This stimulates the pancreas to secrete insulin, which helps cells absorb glucose, potentially leading to a decrease in blood glucose levels (hypoglycemia) as the glucose is moved out of the bloodstream and into cells.

Question 3

Which of the following statements concerning carbohydrate use as an energy source is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

Consuming large amounts of carbohydrates just prior to performance can lead to a rapid increase in blood sugar followed by a rapid decline, which can negatively affect performance. It's generally recommended to consume carbohydrates in a more measured way before and during prolonged exercise to maintain blood sugar levels and prolong endurance.

Question 4

Which of the following food exchanges is least likely to be high in dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Milk is least likely to be high in dietary fiber because dairy products do not contain fiber. Fiber is found in plant-based foods such as vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains.

Question 5

The ingestion of which sugar has been associated with gas, bloating, abdominal pain and diarrhea in about 10 percent Americans?

Accepted Answer

Lactose intolerance is the condition associated with difficulty in digesting lactose, a sugar found in milk and dairy products. This condition leads to symptoms such as gas, bloating, abdominal pain, and diarrhea in individuals who lack sufficient levels of lactase, the enzyme needed to digest lactose. Approximately 10 percent of Americans are affected by lactose intolerance, though the prevalence can vary significantly among different ethnic and racial groups.

Question 6

During exercise which of the following carbohydrate solutions is recommended for active individuals?

Accepted Answer

A 6-10% carbohydrate solution is recommended during exercise as it provides an optimal balance of energy and hydration without causing gastrointestinal distress.

Question 7

Which organ secretes the major digestive enzymes into the small intestine?

Accepted Answer

The pancreas secretes the major digestive enzymes into the small intestine, playing a crucial role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients.

Question 8

The Food and Drug Administration, Consumer Union and other researchers have concluded that artificial sweeteners

Accepted Answer

Artificial sweeteners have been extensively studied and are considered safe for consumption in small amounts by the FDA and other health organizations, despite ongoing debates and research into their long-term effects and efficacy in weight management.

Question 9

Common table sugar is:

Accepted Answer

Common table sugar is sucrose, which is a disaccharide composed of glucose and fructose.

Question 10

Which of the following statements relative to carbohydrate loading is false?

Accepted Answer

The major advantage of carbohydrate loading is not the increased storage of glycogen in adipose cells, but rather in muscle cells. This process enhances endurance by providing a larger energy reserve in the form of muscle glycogen for use during prolonged exercise.

Question 11

The disaccharide found in milk is:

Accepted Answer

Lactose is the disaccharide found in milk, consisting of glucose and galactose units.

Question 12

Reasonable estimates suggest that athletes who want to consume the maximal amount of exogenous carbohydrate that may be oxidized during exercise may use approximately how many grams per hour of the ingested glucose?

Accepted Answer

Athletes aiming to consume the maximum amount of exogenous carbohydrate that can be oxidized during exercise are advised to ingest approximately 60-100 grams per hour. This range optimizes carbohydrate availability for energy, supporting endurance and performance.

Question 13

Which of the following is not a monosaccharide?

Accepted Answer

Maltose is a disaccharide, consisting of two glucose molecules, whereas glucose, fructose, and galactose are all monosaccharides.

Question 14

The technique of carbohydrate loading is effective primarily for which type of athletic events?

Accepted Answer

Carbohydrate loading is a strategy used by endurance athletes to maximize the storage of glycogen (or energy) in the muscles and liver. It is most effective for long endurance events like marathons and long triathlons, where maintaining a high and steady energy level over an extended period is crucial.

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT one of the potential health benefits of dietary fiber?

Accepted Answer

Dietary fiber is known for its potential health benefits, including increasing bulk in the large intestine, speeding up intestinal transit, binding with carcinogens for excretion, and helping to reduce serum cholesterol levels by excreting bile salts. However, it is not recognized for binding with essential minerals like zinc to excrete them; in fact, this could be considered a negative effect since it might lead to mineral deficiencies.

Question 16

Which of the following types of foods has the lowest glycemic index?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following types of foods...

Question 17

Which of the following hormones is involved in reducing the amount of glucose in the blood in reaction to hyperglycemia?

Accepted Answer

Insulin is the hormone responsible for lowering blood glucose levels by facilitating the uptake of glucose into cells, thus reducing hyperglycemia.

Question 18

Which hormone secreted during exercise, particularly intense exercise, is the key hormone for mobilizing glucose from the liver and fatty acids from the adipose tissue to provide blood sources of energy to the muscle?

Accepted Answer

Epinephrine, also known as adrenaline, is the key hormone released during intense exercise. It mobilizes glucose from the liver and fatty acids from adipose tissue to provide energy to muscles, helping to meet the increased energy demands of exercise.

Question 19

How much carbohydrate per kilogram body weight should be consumed daily in order to restore muscle glycogen levels to normal after intense training?

Accepted Answer

Consuming 7-10 grams of carbohydrates per kilogram of body weight daily is recommended to effectively restore muscle glycogen levels after intense training.

Question 20

Which of the following is the least likely metabolic fate of glucose intake following a prolonged aerobic exercise task?

Accepted Answer

Following prolonged aerobic exercise, the body prioritizes replenishing depleted glycogen stores in the muscles and liver and restoring blood glucose levels to normal. The conversion of glucose to body fat (lipogenesis) in adipose cells is a less immediate concern and thus the least likely metabolic fate of glucose intake in this context.

Quiz 4: Carbohydrates: the Main Energy Food