George Sperling briefly presented people with arrays of 12 letters (3 rows of 4 letters each) and asked them to immediately recall what they had seen. Under these conditions, people typically recalled:

Question

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Sperling's experiments demonstrated that people could only recall about 3 to 5 letters from the array due to the limitations of short-term memory and the brief exposure time.

George Sperling Briefly Presented People with Arrays of 12 Letters