In order to prevent coyotes from killing ranchers' sheep, pieces of sheep flesh have been laced with lithium chloride, a nausea-inducing drug. It is hoped that the coyote will then associate the nausea with the sheep and become less likely to kill them. This applied research capitalizes on the phenomenon of:

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This research utilizes the concept of preparedness, which is the idea that animals are biologically predisposed to form certain associations more easily than others. In this case, the coyotes are expected to associate the nausea (an unpleasant experience) with eating sheep, thus reducing their likelihood of attacking sheep in the future.

In Order to Prevent Coyotes from Killing Ranchers' Sheep, Pieces