Question 1

You are having some psychological problems so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that you seem to have considerable conflict among your self-perceptions. To Carl Rogers, this would be seen as a problem of

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers, a humanistic psychologist, emphasized the importance of self-consistency and congruence. Conflict among self-perceptions would be seen as a problem of self-consistency, where there is a lack of alignment between one's self-concept and experiences.

Question 2

You are having some psychological problems so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that you are setting conditions of worth. What else would you expect her to note that you are lacking in?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic psychologists, like Carl Rogers, emphasize the importance of unconditional positive regard. If you are setting conditions of worth, it suggests you are lacking in unconditional positive regard, which is essential for self-acceptance and personal growth.

Question 3

Let's say that you take Eysenck's Extraversion-Stability personality test. You score high on stability and high on extraversion. What kind of person are you?

Accepted Answer

Scoring high on both stability and extraversion suggests a personality that is well-adjusted, lively, and carefree, as these traits align with being emotionally stable and sociable.

Question 4

On one of your initial visits to your Freudian psychologist, you are asked to respond to a personality test. Most likely, you received the

Accepted Answer

Freudian psychologists often use projective tests like the Rorschach inkblot test to explore the unconscious mind, which aligns with Freudian theory.

Question 5

You believe that much of your behaviour is the result of your own efforts rather than fate. According to Rotter, we would describe you as having a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Rotter, an internal locus of control refers to the belief that one's actions and efforts significantly influence outcomes, rather than external forces or fate.

Question 6

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes home and starts painting a picture of his boss falling off of a cliff. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Accepted Answer

Sublimation is a defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses are transformed into socially acceptable actions or behavior, in this case, painting instead of acting on aggressive impulses.

Question 7

You are seeing a psychodynamic psychologist. He is concerned with your mental representations of important adults in your life. Most likely, this psychologist is interested in

Accepted Answer

Object relations theory in psychodynamic psychology focuses on the mental representations and relationships with significant others, particularly important adults in one's life.

Question 8

Let's say that you are a psychiatrist examining a young child. You determine that he has become fixated at the Latency stage. According to Freud, he has not resolved

Accepted Answer

The answer of Let's say that you are a psychiatrist...

Question 9

You are a candidate for a new position at Ford Canada. During your job interview, you are asked to take a personality test. Most likely, you will fill out the

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are a candidate for a new...

Question 10

Young Joshua could not be easily toilet trained. He resisted for many years. According to Freud, the problem was that he was

Accepted Answer

According to Freud's psychosexual stages of development, difficulty in toilet training is associated with fixation at the anal stage, where issues of control and independence are prominent.

Question 11

You think you might have some psychological issues so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that in fact, you do not have any problems at all. She would describe you as

Accepted Answer

A humanistic psychologist would describe someone without psychological issues as a "fully functional person," which aligns with the humanistic perspective of achieving self-actualization and personal growth.

Question 12

You believe that much of your behaviour is the result of fate rather than your own efforts. According to Rotter, we would describe you as having a(n)

Accepted Answer

According to Julian Rotter, an external locus of control refers to the belief that external forces, such as fate, control one's life and outcomes, rather than one's own actions or efforts.

Question 13

Let's say that you are a psychiatrist examining a young child. You determine that he has become fixated at the Phallic stage. According to Freud, he has not resolved

Accepted Answer

The Phallic stage, according to Freud, involves the Oedipus complex, where a child feels desire for the opposite-sex parent and jealousy toward the same-sex parent. Fixation at this stage indicates unresolved Oedipus complex issues.

Question 14

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes home and kicks the cat. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Accepted Answer

Displacement is a defense mechanism where an individual redirects their emotions or feelings from a threatening target to a safer one. In this case, Danny redirects his frustration from his boss to his cat.

Question 15

Let's say that you are a psychiatrist examining a young child. You determine that he has become fixated at the Oral stage. According to Freud, he has not resolved

Accepted Answer

The Oral stage, according to Freud, is the first stage of psychosexual development, where the primary focus is on oral pleasures such as sucking and biting. Fixation at this stage is often due to issues with weaning from the mother.

Question 16

As you walk by the conference room, you overhear two psychologists discussing a case. They mention reaction formation and fixation. Immediately, you recognize these psychologists as

Accepted Answer

Reaction formation and fixation are defense mechanisms and concepts associated with Freudian psychoanalytic theory.

Question 17

At random times during the day, your cell phone beeps and you are asked to record your thoughts and feelings at that moment. This information is then sent to a personality psychologist. This psychologist is using

Accepted Answer

Remote behaviour sampling involves collecting data on individuals' thoughts, feelings, or behaviors in real-time, often using technology like cell phones, to gather information about their experiences in natural settings.

Question 18

Danny is upset at work. His boss gave him a lot of work to do in a short time period. He would really like to punch his boss in the nose, but he'd get in trouble and be fired. So after work he goes to gym and works out. According to Freud, this reflects the defence mechanism of

Accepted Answer

Sublimation is a defense mechanism where socially unacceptable impulses are transformed into socially acceptable actions, like working out instead of acting on aggressive impulses.

Question 19

As you walk by the conference room, you overhear two psychologists discussing a case. They mention self-actualization and unconditional positive regard. Immediately, you recognize these psychologists as

Accepted Answer

Self-actualization and unconditional positive regard are key concepts in humanistic psychology, associated with figures like Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow.

Question 20

You are having some psychological problems so you go see a humanistic psychologist. In her notes from the first session, she records that you seem to have an issue between your self-concept perception and what you actually do. To Carl Rogers, this would be seen as a problem of

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers, a humanistic psychologist, emphasized the importance of congruence between self-concept and actual experience. A discrepancy between these is seen as incongruence, which can lead to psychological problems.

Quiz 14: Personality