The Nurse Is Working with a Patient Who Persists in Blowing

The nurse is working with a patient who persists in blowing cigarette smoke through his nose.The nurse knows his protective mechanisms are less effective than they should be because:

A) Smoke inactivates the normal sweeping motion of the cilia.
B) Exhaled smoke promotes excessive vasodilatation of the nasal vessels.
C) Smoking depresses the cough reflex.
D) Cigarette smoke causes excess thin mucus production.