Performance on Some Spatial Tasks, Such as the Rod-And-Frame Task

Performance on some spatial tasks, such as the rod-and-frame task, is influenced by the situation in which the testing occurs and by the expectations of the participants. Such findings suggest that

A) verbal mediation strategies give women an advantage in such tasks.
B) performance is variable, and expectation can be an influential factor.
C) biological determinism is the best explanation for such findings.
D) motor performance is related to spatial performance, giving boys and men the advantage in all spatial tasks.