As it shifts north and south seasonally, the intertropical convergence zone (ITCZ) follows the area of Earth's surface with the highest average temperatures.

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The ITCZ shifts north and south following the sun's zenith, which corresponds to the area of Earth's surface with the highest average temperatures throughout the year, causing seasonal variations in rainfall in the tropics.

As It Shifts North and South Seasonally, the Intertropical Convergence