Question 1

Children in single-mother families:

Accepted Answer

Children in single-mother families may face challenges that can affect attachment security, such as economic stress and reduced parental availability, which can differ from two-parent families.

Question 2

A form of postdivorce child custody in which parents make decisions together regarding their child's life and also share physical custody so that the child lives with each parent for about half the time is labeled:

Accepted Answer

Joint physical custody involves both parents sharing physical custody of the child, allowing the child to live with each parent for approximately half the time.

Question 3

After divorce, children's contact with their nonresident parent:

Accepted Answer

Children's contact with their nonresident parent is linked with positive adjustment when the parents can agree on childrearing methods and maintain a cordial relationship, as this provides a stable and supportive environment for the child.

Question 4

Divorce does not seem to affect children if:

Accepted Answer

Divorce can affect children of all ages, including pre-kindergarten, elementary school age, and adolescents, though the impact may vary depending on the child's age and individual circumstances.

Question 5

The existing research on the relation between maternal employment and child adjustment suggests that:

Accepted Answer

The research indicates that the impact of maternal employment on child adjustment is not uniform and can vary based on individual differences such as the quality of childcare, the mother's job satisfaction, and the child's temperament.

Question 6

Adoptees are less able to overcome their early disadvantages if:

Accepted Answer

Adoptees face greater challenges in overcoming early disadvantages if they are adopted after infancy, exposed prenatally to drugs or alcohol, or have had multiple placements in foster care, as each of these factors can contribute to developmental and emotional difficulties.

Question 7

U.S.families today are different from those 40 years ago in that:

Accepted Answer

All of the statements are true: more mothers work outside the home, couples tend to marry and have children later, and divorce rates have increased compared to 40 years ago.

Question 8

Divorce does not seem to affect children as much if they:

Accepted Answer

Children who are psychologically healthy, intelligent, and have an easy temperament are generally more resilient and better able to cope with the changes and stress associated with divorce.

Question 9

Parents who used new reproductive technologies like ICSI or IVF:

Accepted Answer

Parents who use new reproductive technologies like ICSI or IVF are often more protective due to the challenges and efforts involved in conceiving, which can lead to a heightened sense of responsibility and care for their child.

Question 10

Available information suggests that divorce affects children because:

Accepted Answer

Divorce can lead to children living in single-parent households, experiencing changes in their home and lifestyle, and potentially receiving lower-quality parenting due to the stress and challenges faced by the parents.

Question 11

Significant differences emerge across cultures in the association between parenting behavior and child outcomes with regard to:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Significant differences emerge across cultures in the...

Question 12

Which of the following is not true about the different ways in which divorce affects boys and girls:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that boys and girls are affected differently by divorce, with boys often externalizing distress and girls internalizing it. They also tend to experience distress at different times relative to the divorce, and their reactions can vary with age. The statement that they are equally affected and differ only in their willingness to disclose distress is not supported by evidence.

Question 13

Compared with younger mothers, older mothers:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Compared with younger mothers, older mothers:
...

Question 14

The effects of divorce on boys and girls can be best described as follows:

Accepted Answer

Boys and girls may experience the effects of divorce differently, with variations in emotional, behavioral, and social responses, but the overall impact can be equally significant for both genders.

Question 15

Divorce is more likely when:

Accepted Answer

Poor communication skills or mental health problems can lead to misunderstandings and conflicts, increasing the likelihood of divorce.

Question 16

A form of postdivorce child custody in which both parents retain and share responsibility for decisions regarding the child's life, although the child usually resides with one parent is described as:

Accepted Answer

Joint legal custody refers to both parents sharing the responsibility for making important decisions about their child's life, such as education, healthcare, and religious upbringing, while the child typically resides with one parent.

Question 17

Available evidence on children of gay parents suggests that compared with children of heterosexual parents:

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that children of gay parents do not show significant differences in emotional or social problems compared to children of heterosexual parents.

Question 18

Divorce creates special risks for children in terms of:

Accepted Answer

Divorce can lead to various challenges for children, including academic issues, increased risk of teen pregnancy, and mental health problems like distress and depression.

Question 19

The most difficult time for families experiencing a divorce is:

Accepted Answer

The first year after the divorce is often the most challenging as families adjust to new dynamics, routines, and emotional changes.

Question 20

A form of postdivorce child custody in which the child is exclusively with either the mother or the father:

Accepted Answer

Sole custody refers to a situation where the child resides exclusively with either the mother or the father, as opposed to joint custody arrangements where both parents share physical or legal responsibilities.

Quiz 7: Family: Early and Enduring Influences