In the Tragedy of the Commons, joint action among the individual citizens would be necessary to solve their common resource problem unless the government intervenes.

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In the Tragedy of the Commons, the problem arises because individual users acting independently according to their own self-interest behave contrary to the common good of all users by depleting or spoiling the shared resource. Joint action among individuals or community-level solutions are necessary to regulate use and protect the common resource, unless the government intervenes with regulations, laws, or policies to manage the resource for the long-term benefit of all.

In the Tragedy of the Commons, Joint Action Among the Individual