How many recombinant clones must be screened in order to be 99% certain that a particular gene is found in a YAC library of human DNA where the average size of an insert is 500 kbp? The human genome size is about 3.2 × 10⁶kbp. A) 6000 B) 30,000 C) 1,000,000 D) 30,000,000

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To find the number of clones needed, use the formula N = ln(1-P) / ln(1-f), where P is the desired probability (0.99), and f is the fraction of the genome in one clone (insert size/genome size). Here, f = 500 kbp / 3,200,000 kbp. Solving gives approximately 30,000 clones.

How Many Recombinant Clones Must Be Screened in Order to Be