Pretest-posttest designs are quasi-experiments when they do not contain a
A) confounding variable.
B) dependent variable.
C) randomly assigned control group.
D) all of the above.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Pretest-posttest designs are considered quasi-experiments when they lack a randomly assigned control group, which is essential for true experimental designs to establish causality.

Pretest-Posttest Designs Are Quasi-Experiments When They Do Not Contain a