Use the Following Information to Answer the Question -Suppose a Random Sample of 1,220 U

Use the following information to answer the question. A dowsing rod is a "Y" or "L" shaped instrument that some believe can find ground water. Many dowsers today use a pair of simple L-shaped metal rods. One rod is held in each hand, with the short arm of the L held upright, and the long arm pointing forward. When something is found, the rods cross over one
another making an "X" over the found object. Skeptics of dowsing conducted an experiment to see if dowsing rods could find ground water. Five identical 3 foot by 3 foot plots of land were sectioned off and a container of water was buried in one of the plots. Below is a summary of the experiment results and the output for the goodness-of-fit test. $\begin{array}{l|c|c} & \begin{array}{c}\text { Correctly identified } \\\text { location of ground water }\end{array} & \begin{array}{l}\text { Incorrectly identified } \\\text { location of ground water }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Observed } & 21 & 57 \\\hline \text { Expected } & 15.6 & 62.4\end{array}$


$\begin{array} { l } \chi ^ { 2 } \text { GOF-Test } \\\chi ^ { 2 } = 2.336538462 \\p = 1263700849 \\\text { d.f. } = 1 \\\text { CNTRB } = \{ 1.86923 \ldots\end{array}$
-Suppose a random sample of 1,220 U.S. adults were asked about their opinion regarding federal spending on infrastructure (i.e. roads and bridges) . Respondents were asked whether federal spending on infrastructure was (a) too low, (b) adequate, or (c) too high. Respondents were classified by income level. Choose the correct hypotheses to test whether there is an association
Between the response to the question and income level.

A) $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 }$ : There is no difference between the proportions of U.S. adults who responded (a) , (b) or (c) to the opinion question.
$\mathrm { H } _ { \mathrm { a } }$ : There is a difference between the proportions of U.S. adults who responded (a) , (b) or (c) to the opinion question.

B) $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 }$ : Among U.S. adults, opinions about federal spending on infrastructure and income level are independent.
$\mathrm { H } _ { \mathrm { a } }$ : Among U.S. adults, opinions about federal spending on infrastructure and income level are associated.

C) $\mathrm { H } _ { 0 }$ : Among U.S. adults, opinions about federal spending on infrastructure and income level are associated.
$\mathrm { H } _ { \mathrm { a } }$ : Among U.S. adults, opinions about federal spending on infrastructure and income level are independent.
D) None of these