When a patient arrives at a clinic complaining of several specific symptoms, the doctor who makes the diagnosis says that he is 80 percent certain that the patient has a particular problem. It is likely that he is basing this assessment on relative frequency of occurrence.

Question

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Doctors often use the relative frequency of occurrence, which is based on how often certain symptoms lead to a specific diagnosis in past cases, to estimate the probability of a patient having a particular condition.

When a Patient Arrives at a Clinic Complaining of Several