Austin is presented with the pendulum problem described in the text. He begins his experiments with the belief that the heaviness of the weight is the most important factor, tests his belief with unsystematic experiments, and concludes that his belief is accurate even though no clear conclusion could be drawn. Austin is in Piaget's stage.

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Austin's approach to the pendulum problem, focusing on one variable and drawing conclusions without systematic experimentation, is characteristic of the concrete operational stage, where logical thinking is applied to concrete objects but not yet to abstract reasoning.

Austin Is Presented with the Pendulum Problem Described in the Text