Beginning in the 1930s, reformers put forward the model of corrections, which viewed criminal behavior as caused by psychological or biological deficiencies.

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The medical model of corrections views criminal behavior as a result of psychological or biological deficiencies, suggesting that treatment and rehabilitation are necessary for offenders. This approach emerged in the 1930s and focuses on diagnosing and treating the underlying issues believed to be responsible for criminal behavior, much like how a doctor would treat a disease.

Beginning in the 1930s, Reformers Put Forward the Model of Corrections