Pavlov classically conditioned a dog to salivate at the sound ofa tone. He then repeatedly paired the tone with another stimulus, a bell. Later, when he rang the bell the dog salivated,even though the bell had never been paired with food. This example illustrates higher order conditioning (second-orderconditioning).

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This is true. Pavlov's experiment with the dog is an example of second-order or higher order conditioning, where a neutral stimulus (the bell) is paired with a stimulus (the tone) that has already been associated with the conditioned response (salivation). As a result of this pairing, the bell can now elicit the conditioned response (salivation), even though it has never been directly associated with the unconditioned stimulus (food).

Pavlov Classically Conditioned a Dog to Salivate at the Sound