The United Nation Conference on Trade and Development in 1964 was successful in convincing developing countries to switch from export-led industrialization to import-substitution industrialization.

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The United Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD) in 1964 aimed to address the trade needs of developing countries, but it did not specifically convince them to switch from export-led industrialization to import-substitution industrialization. Many developing countries had already been adopting import-substitution policies independently as a strategy to reduce dependence on foreign imports and improve their trade balance.