In CASE 24.4Carijano v.Occidental Petroleum Corp.(2011),the Achuar tribe of PerusuedOccidental Petroleum in a Los Angeles,California state court,alleging environmental contamination and release of hazardous waste into the rain forests in Peru where the Achuar people live.Occidental moved to dismiss the claim on the grounds of:

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Occidental's motion to dismiss the claim was based on the doctrine of Forum Non Conveniens, which allows a court to decline jurisdiction over a case if another court, either in the same country or in a foreign country, would be a more appropriate and convenient forum to hear the case. In this case, Occidental argued that the case should be heard in Peru, where the alleged harm occurred, not in California. The court ultimately ruled in favor of the Achuar tribe and denied Occidental's motion to dismiss, allowing the case to proceed in California.