A 9-Year-Old Child Exhibits School Refusal and a Reluctance to Attend

A 9-year-old child exhibits school refusal and a reluctance to attend sleepovers with classmates. The parent is concerned because the child has recently begun sleeping in the parents' bed. Which initial action by the primary care pediatric nurse practitioner is appropriate?

A) Assess for environmental stress, parental dysfunction, and maternal depression.
B) Ask about recent traumatic events that may have precipitated this behavior.
C) Consider a possible pediatric autoimmune neuropsychiatric disorder cause.
D) Recommend firm insistence on school and activity attendance.