The question of how physical processes in the brain can give rise to subjective experience was referred to by Chalmers (2007) as:

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Chalmers (2007) famously referred to the question of how physical processes in the brain can give rise to subjective experience as "the hard problem" of consciousness. The "easy problem" of consciousness refers to the more straightforward question of how cognitive functions such as perception, attention, and memory can be explained by neurobiological mechanisms. The binding problem, integration problem, and self-problem are all related to various aspects of how information is processed in the brain, but are not specifically focused on the question of subjective experience.

The Question of How Physical Processes in the Brain Can