To Establish the Defence of 'Absolute Privilege' to the Tort

To establish the defence of 'absolute privilege' to the tort of defamation, the defendant must prove:

A) the statement was not motivated by malice and the defendant had a duty to make the statement to a person who had a corresponding duty to receive it.
B) the statement was made during parliament or judicial proceedings.
C) the defamatory statement had one or more other meanings that were substantially true and the defamatory meaning did not harm the reputation of the plaintiff because of the substantial truth of the other meanings.
D) the defamatory statement was substantially true.