Which of the following clinical interventions are used to treat complications of sickle cell anemia?
I. Supplemental oxygen
II. Bronchodilators
III. Diuretics
IV. Red blood cell transfusions

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Adequate hydration is an essential therapeutic modality and is used cautiously to avoid pulmonary edema. Red blood cell transfusions are provided to improve the ability of hemoglobin to transport oxygen and to reduce the incidence of acute chest syndrome, myocardial ischemia, and sickle cell chronic lung disease. Aerosolized bronchodilators for bronchiole constriction, incentive spirometry, and adequate pain control can be important adjuvants. Supplemental oxygen is used when indicated but, depending on the case, can foster additional sickling. In cases of impending respiratory failure, mechanical ventilation is instituted. Successful treatment of acute chest syndrome with venovenous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) has been reported in patients experiencing life-threatening acute chest syndrome despite maximal conventional ventilation support.

Which of the Following Clinical Interventions Are Used to Treat