The U.S. government generally finances its debt by:

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The primary way in which the U.S. government finances its debt is by selling U.S. securities, or Treasury bonds, notes, and bills, to investors both domestically and internationally. This is done through auctions conducted by the Treasury Department. Printing money is not a sustainable way to finance debt and can lead to inflation. Borrowing directly from the Fed or large banks is not a common practice, and would likely be seen as too close to monetary financing, which is generally discouraged.

The U.S. Government Generally Finances Its Debt By