A Patient Reports a History of Recurrent Lower Back Pain

A patient reports a history of recurrent lower back pain for 6 months. The patient describes the pain as a deep ache and stiffness that is worse upon awakening and improves after walking. Which findings will the examiner elicit to help make a clinical diagnosis of ankylosing spondylitis? (Select all that apply.)

A) Assessment of the degree of lumbar lordosis
B) Evaluation of lateral thoracic spine flexion
C) Measurement of chest expansion
D) Noting the degree of cervical kyphosis
E) Observation for scapular asymmetry