In extremely cold regions, woody species may survive freezing temperatures by
A) emptying water from the vacuoles to prevent freezing.
B) decreasing the numbers of phospholipids in cell membranes.
C) decreasing the fluidity of all cellular membranes.
D) producing canavanine as a natural antifreeze.
E) increasing cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations, such as sugars.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Woody species in extremely cold regions can increase cytoplasmic levels of specific solute concentrations such as sugars which reduce the amount of free water in cells, decreasing the likelihood of ice crystal formation and preventing damage to cellular structures. This process is known as cryoprotection or osmotic adjustment.

In Extremely Cold Regions, Woody Species May Survive Freezing Temperatures