The surfactant in alveolar fluid reduces surface tension by disrupting the cohesive forces between water molecules.

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This is because the surfactant molecules have a hydrophobic (water-repelling) end and a hydrophilic (water-attracting) end, which allows them to spread out on the surface of the alveolar fluid and disrupt the cohesive forces between water molecules, effectively reducing surface tension. This is important for maintaining the elasticity of the lungs and ensuring efficient gas exchange.

The Surfactant in Alveolar Fluid Reduces Surface Tension by Disrupting