Children who adopt internal explanations and a growth mindset tend to have a strong ______.

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Children who adopt internal explanations (i.e. attributing their successes and failures to factors they can control, such as effort or ability) and a growth mindset (i.e. the belief that intelligence and abilities can be developed through hard work and dedication) tend to have a mastery orientation, meaning they are more motivated to pursue challenges and to persevere in the face of setbacks. This contrasts with a learned helplessness orientation, in which children believe their successes and failures are determined by uncontrollable factors and may give up easily when facing challenges. A belief in luck is not necessarily related to a strong orientation towards mastery. Maladaptive behavior refers to behaviors that are not effective in achieving goals and would not indicate a strong orientation towards mastery.

Children Who Adopt Internal Explanations and a Growth Mindset Tend