Elijah and Jack are pretending to be pirates. Hannah wants to play too, but the boys tell her, "No! You're a girl!" Which concept are Elijah and Jack demonstrating?

Question

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Elijah and Jack are demonstrating gender schema theory, which is the concept that children learn gender roles and stereotypes through cultural messages and then organize their behavior and interactions based on those schemas. The boys are excluding Hannah from their pirate play because they see pirates as being male and therefore believe that girls cannot participate in that role.

Elijah and Jack Are Pretending to Be Pirates