Why Were There Lower Rates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Why were there lower rates of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) than expected in citizens who endured bombing and shelling in wartime England?

A) Many people may not have directly experienced the horrors of death or direct attack during the wartime air raids.
B) Social cohesion during wartime minimizes its traumatic impact.
C) Effective treatments for PTSD were made available immediately following the bombings.
D) Many did not come forward to report their symptoms.