In what type of study does a researcher manipulate an independent variable and observe the effects on a dependent variable?

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In an experiment, a researcher manipulates an independent variable and observes its effect on a dependent variable. This allows the researcher to establish a cause-and-effect relationship between the variables. In a case study, the researcher analyzes a single individual or group in depth, while in a correlational study, the researcher examines the relationship between variables without manipulating them. An epidemiological study focuses on the distribution and determinants of health and disease in populations.

In What Type of Study Does a Researcher Manipulate an Independent