To study the effects of lighting on mood, Dr. Cooper had students fill out questionnaires in brightly lit or dimly lit rooms. In this study, the independent variable consisted of

Question

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The independent variable in the study is the thing that is being manipulated or changed by the researcher in order to observe its effects on the dependent variable (in this case, mood). In this study, the independent variable is the room lighting, as the researcher is manipulating the amount of light in the rooms in order to observe its effect on the students' mood. The other choices (number of students in each group, student questionnaire responses, and subject matter of questions) are not being manipulated by the researcher and therefore are not independent variables.

To Study the Effects of Lighting on Mood, Dr