Many Factors Determine the Most Efficient Distribution Strategy

Many factors determine the most efficient distribution strategy. Which of the following statements is incorrect?

A) Products that are expensive, complex, or perishable move through shorter distribution channels.
B) Standardized products, or ones with low unit values, move through short distribution channels.
C) Start-up manufacturers often turn to direct channels because they often cannot convince channel members to carry their products.
D) Sometimes a joint venture between competitors dictates which channel to use.